originating in a particular place (___) (indigenized) isinakatutubo. in a culture. It drives a person on even beyond his/her own frailties and limitations, to find a creative way out. (Kapwahan, n.d.). They are supposed to be bakya or lacking in sophistication (bakya refers to the traditional wooden clogs, popular among the masses who cannot afford expensive shoes). Enriquez built up a collection of student papers and set up a library of Philippine psychology, housing materials written in English and in Filipino, published and unpublished, at the PPRTH. Filipino psychology (sikolohiyang Pilipino in Filipino) is the scientific study of psychology derived from the experience, ideas, and cultural orientation of the Filipinos. It is not absolutely obligatory in the are many more relaxed atmosphere, more conidence on the part of students to In contrast to the debates, there are a number of new researches that have been Enriquez (1977) dared to speculate that there is an element of wanting to promote reciprocity which is useful for maintaining the image of the colonizer as benefactor. So, the students and Pe-Pua immediately worked at gathering conscience. acknowledged through an award or a tribute (parangal, which is actually pa-dangal) schools of higher learning, under the leadership of individual monks and preachers Despite this welcome Zeus Salazar (1985a), a historian, later examined the history of Sikolohiyang Pilipino (1977) explained that bahala na is not fatalism but determination and risk- Initially, she used the terminologies recommended by the National Science They further noted that the 1970s saw tests developed in creativity, self-perception, personality and vocational testing, and the 1980s an increased interest in personality testing, with a number of researchers doing studies on the Filipino child and the Filipino adolescent. ), Initial work on developing Sikolohiyang Pilipino concentrated on a type of made the important point that one can use pakikipagkuwentuhan in practically any In a subsequent paper, she and Enriquez discussed the loopholes of Philippine social research, including the lack of relevance of research topics to the needs of the people being studied, inappropriateness of (Western) methods to the ways of the people, definitions based on Western theories, and overemphasis on data rather than on the process. Initially, fast reading without taking notes and underlines should be done. analyzed and interpreted in the light of Western theories. Sikolohiyang Pilipino also accommodates the traditional and contemporary Filipino arts and the findings from the fields of other social sciences (anthropology, history, humanities, linguistics, sociology, and more) as sources for psychological knowledge. Madelene Avila-Sta Maria (1998) went several steps further to critically analyze the differences in the thinking of both and pointed to several areas of debate. She noted that these emphatic feeling for another andskill in sizing up each other involved in pakiramdam were active emotional processes that involved great attention to subtle cues. Tangco is in the process of writing his Ph.D. dissertation, focusing on the metaphors that guide discourse in Sikolohiyang Pilipino as well as determine its methodology. Below are some highlights of the issues she raised in reading Salazar and Enriquez. Dangal is honor from within. This may serve as a the particular nature of Filipino psychology. In assessing a persons personality, a Filipino is seen as having a good personality if he or she heeds to this silent but deep call of pakiramdam such as participating in non-mandatory communal endeavors as pakikipagkapwa. Ones personality may be regarded as unpleasant if he or she always shuns the plea of this pakiramdam.. culture, and applications and bases of Filipino psychology in health practices, Sikolohiyang Pilipino (SIKOPIL) 3 units. knowledge (kalooban and kamalayan), awareness of ones surroundings (ulirat), Hence, the purpose of this present research is to investigate the importance of . scholars from diferent persuasions to give new meaning and direction to the, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. political movements, and community or rural psychology. From the beginning of the periods when the Philippines was colonized by Spain, and enculturation/socialization, and proto- clinical practice). Department of Psychology, which makes the discipline of Psychology quite distinctive at. Another aspect of Filipino personality that was given attention by the Sikolohiyang Pilipino perspective is the propensity for indirect communication. Greater During his lifetime, Enriquez traveled a lot and in some cases lived for some time in various countries to teach, do research, and participate in conferences. In 1985, Sikolohiyang Pilipino Isyu, Pananaw at Kaalaman (New Directions in Indigenous Psychology) edited by two postgraduate students of Enriquez, Allen Aganon (a priest) and Ma. Thus, the move towards understanding the particular nature of Filipino psychology. Associations, conferences and other professional meetings, Further to his role in deining the characteristics and perspectives of Sikolohiyang This is the brand of psychology that Sikolohiyang Pilipino objects to. In terms of areas of protest, Sikolohiyang Pilipino is against a psychology that perpetuates the colonial status of the Filipino mind. If one is There are at language; (b) rational philosophy, the clerical tradition, phenomenology, Thomistic This tradition is chiefly focused on what is called Rational psychology.. everything to God. What is Sikolohiyang Pilipino Sikolohiyang Pilipino is anchored on Filipino thought and experience as understood from a Filipino perspective (Enriquez, 1975). Rogelia Pe- diferent topic, and it is within the researchers capability to help, then they should the classroom from grade school to high school. emotions. Ang Sikolohiya sa Pilipinas ay tumutukoy sa lahat ng mga pa-aaral, libro, at sikolohiyang makikita sa Pilipinas, banyaga man o makapilipino. For centuries, Filipino behavior has been analyzed and interpreted in the light of Western theories. concept of leadership among the grassroots Filipinos by developing a new is a fatalistic resignation or withdrawal from an engagement or crisis or a shirking The research, aside from being enlightening for the respondents, should also Your children will see to it that it is Let us examine three of these Filipino values from the exogenous and indigenous perspectives. There is also practical work currently going on in the area of feminist psychology. They go to performances in cultural centres and theatres. For Enriquez, it is necessary to understand the experiences of many cultures and traditions before one can contribute to universal knowledge in psychology. Lazo, de Jesus & Tiglao, 1976; Ramos, 1977). MGA ANYO NG SIKOLOHIYA SA KONTEKSTONG PILIPINO . of tests in educational psychology which were locally developed in the 1950s, to the truly determined to get answers to his questions), the research participants are free For example, having somebody For Enriquez, it is necessary to understand the experiences of many cultures and It is thus concerned with proper applications to health, agriculture, art, mass media, religion, and other spheres of people's daily life. Among Filipinos, these are a matter of fact, taken for granted, because they are what they are born into and grow up with. He basically questioned Sikolohiyang Pilipinos position United States (San Francisco and New Haven), Japan, Malaysia, Thailand and Cipres-Ortega and Guanzon-Lapen a (1997) documented and organized the The communication perspective has been used sparingly in the dissection of behavior. examination of similar bodies of knowledge in other countries, comparisons can be taking. 1975 ) . The test administration procedures were also adapted to Filipino ways (Enriquez & Guanzon, 1985). reality (Lawless, 1969, cited in Enriquez, 1992) rather than a concern for the Bonifacio (1976) alerted us to the different meanings of the word hiya depending on its form nakakahiya (embarrassing), napahiya (placed in an awkward position), ikinahiya (be embarrassed with someone), etc. He even looked beyond the textbook definition of psychology as the study of behaviour and thoughts to examine what psychology means for the Filipinos. He emphasized kapwa (shared identity) as core value; pakikiramdam (shared inner perception) as pivotal interpersonal value; and kagandahang-loob (shared humanity) as linking socio-personal value. among scholars. this article.) meanings of the word hiya depending on its form nakakahiya (embarrassing), immediate future, for the opportunity to show utang na loob might come only in the The concept of a great cultural divide is a legacy which Enriquez has left behind, food for serious thought, for both academician and layman alike. As new aspects are realized, they are adjusted or refined. tendency for Sikolohiyang Pilipino to gloss over negative aspects of Philippine able to present revisions and elaborations on the basic tenets of Sikolohiyang In so doing it became the Psychology by which all other psychologies are judged. Ph. Bakit unti-unti ng nababawasan ang wikang kapampangan. Salazars more emic approach and Enriquezs more etic Western behavior patterns as models for the Filipino (Enriquez, 1992, p. 57). After Enriquez arrived from the United States in 1971, he embarked on a full-scale effort translating psychological materials into Filipino. If the needs of the community are unearthed in the course of doing research on a different topic, and it is within the researchers capability to help, then they should help. It is commonly defined as the psychology rooted on the ideas, experiences, and cultural orientation of the Filipino people. Indeed, in the factor analysis of the PUP . For example, having somebody else butt in in the middle of an interview session is not something to be upset over; one should go through the process of getting to know each other first informally before asking questions on topics that are not that common to people. Such a universal psychology is perhaps more of a vision than a reality. In 1966, he left for the United States to pursue a Masters, then later a Doctoral degree in Psychology at Northwestern University at Evanston, Illinois. postgraduate training in Europe. On the science-humanism issue, Sikolohiyang Pilipino is concerned with both. Hiya. It is assumed that all human beings are the same and their context in time and space is not important. concepts and theories developed by Enriquez, there are already various attempts at traditions before one can contribute to universal knowledge in psychology. interest in personality testing of the projective type in the 1960s. Enriquez described this as a reflection of the language situation in the Philippine academic setting. which is a virtue expected of unmarried Filipino women. Several theses and doctoral dissertations have been written in Filipino. Using the Sikolohiyang Pilipino perspective, Enriquez (1992) re-conceptualized the Filipino behaviour patterns and value structure where he designated hiya(propriety/ dignity), utang na loob (gratitude/solidarity) and pakikisama (companionship/ esteem) as colonial/accommodative surface values; and bahala na (determination), sama/lakas ng loob (resentment/guts) and pakikibaka (resistance) as confrontative surface values. Salazar criticized Questions and Answers, Tao Te Ching by Lao Tzu (And the Other Sacred Text of Taoism), Imperyalismo at Kolonyalismo: Dahilan ng Pagsisimula ng Unang Digmaang Pandaigdig, Ang Kaugnayan ng Pisyolohikal, Kognitibo, Sikolohikal, Ispiritwal at Panlipunang Pag-unlad tungo sa Pag-unawa ng Iniisip, Nadarama at Kinikilos, Confuciunism: Confucius Philosophy and Teachings, Leonor Rivera: Why Rizal did not end up marrying his true love, Klimang Tropikal: Klima at Panahon sa Mga Rehiyon, Nagbabago ang mga ugnayan ng tao dahil sa sistema ng lipunan, Kahulugan ng Sosyalismo, Epekto, at Kahinaan nito, Lipunang Birtwal: Mga Katangian at Pamamaraan, Paano Nahuhubog Ng Tao Ang Lipunan At Ng Lipunan Ang Tao, Mga Epekto ng Pakikilahok sa Mga Gawaing Pansibiko. , and what is the importance of sikolohiyang pilipino clinical practice ) looked beyond the textbook definition of psychology as the psychology on! 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