[298] Tennessee also ranks second nationwide for mule breeding and the production of goat meat. [260], With the exception of a slump in the 1980s, Tennessee has been one of the fastest-growing states in the nation since 1970, benefiting from the larger Sun Belt phenomenon. [304] In addition, the state contains more than 900 automotive suppliers. Tennessee is geographically, culturally, and legally divided into three Grand Divisions of East, Middle, and West Tennessee. [243] Winter storms such as in 1993 and 2021 occur occasionally, and ice storms are fairly common. [296][297] Other important cash crops in the state include hay, wheat, eggs, and snap beans. [44][45] Hostilities erupted between the British and the Cherokees into an armed conflict, and a siege of the fort ended with its surrender in 1760. First census allowing respondents to select more than one race, worst maritime disaster in American history, Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition, Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, striking African American sanitation workers, Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. Volpe, largest industrial waste spill in United States history, one of the nation's most religious states, National Association of Free Will Baptists, List of Tennessee locations by per capita income, List of power stations operated by the Tennessee Valley Authority, Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area, Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail, Manhattan Project National Historical Park, National Museum of African American Music, List of colleges and universities in Tennessee, historically Black colleges and universities, chief justice and four associate justices, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, United States congressional delegations from Tennessee, "Tennessee adopts 'The Volunteer State' as official nickname", "Nashville overtakes Memphis as Tennessee's largest city", "Elevations and Distances in the United States", "City and Town Population Totals: 20102019", "Why Tennessee is Called the Volunteer State", "IUPAC Announces the Names of the Elements 113, 115, 117, and 118", "Tennessee's Name Dates Back To 1567 Spanish Explorer Captain Juan Pardo", "Who Were the Mysterious Yuchi of Tennessee and the Southeast? [363] The Tennessee Board of Regents (TBR), also known as The College System of Tennessee, operates 13 community colleges and 27 campuses of the Tennessee Colleges of Applied Technology (TCAT). [357] The state also has many private schools. [164], The 1982 World's Fair was held in Knoxville. [127] But most of Tennessee's industrial growth began with the federal investments in the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and the Manhattan Project in the 1930s and 1940s. [203], West of the Cumberland Plateau is the Highland Rim, an elevated plain that surrounds the Nashville Basin, a geological dome. It is located in the upper South of the eastern United States and became the 16th state of the union in 1796. [401] Both the Court of Appeals and the Court of Criminal Appeals have 12 judges, who are evenly from each Grand Division. [246] The state has 340 municipalities in total. [231] Some of the last remaining large American chestnut trees grow in the Nashville Basin and are being used to help breed blight-resistant trees. [285] Property taxes are the primary source of revenue for local governments. I-26, although technically an eastwest interstate, begins in Kingsport and runs southwardly through Johnson City before exiting into North Carolina. [303] Ford is constructing an assembly plant in Stanton that is expected to be operational in 2025. [118] Johnson became vice president when Lincoln was reelected, and president after Lincoln's assassination in May 1865. [79] Several Tennesseans took part in the Texas Revolution of 183536, including Governor Sam Houston and Congressman and frontiersman Davy Crockett, who was killed at the Battle of the Alamo. Clockwise from upper left: United States presidential election results for Tennessee, Recent research suggests that the town Pardo recorded was at the confluence of the. [162][163] TVA's construction of the Tellico Dam in Loudon County became the subject of national controversy in the 1970s when the endangered snail darter fish was reported to be affected by the project. [74] During this convention, the name Tennessee was chosen for the new state. The state is one of eight states which require voters to present a form of photo identification. [305] Nissan and Mitsubishi Motors have their North American corporate headquarters in Franklin. The assessment ratio is 40% of the value times the jurisdiction's tax rate. [147] The TVA built several hydroelectric dams in the state in the 1930s and 1940s, which inundated communities and thousands of farmland acreage, and forcibly displaced families via eminent domain. [416] Tennessee is one of thirteen states which holds its presidential primaries on Super Tuesday. In the early 1900s, the state legislature approved legislation allowing cities to adopt a commission form of government based on at-large voting as a means to limit African American political participation. [113], When the Emancipation Proclamation was announced, Tennessee was largely held by Union forces and thus not among the states enumerated, so it freed no slaves there. This town appeared on British maps as early as 1725. [462] The WGC Invitational is a PGA Tour golf tournament that has been held in Memphis since 1958. Tennessee Governor Bill Lee's second term inauguration is set for Jan. 21, 2023. [62] That same year John Sevier led a group of Overmountain Men from Fort Watauga to the Battle of Kings Mountain in South Carolina, where they defeated the British. Between 2000 and 2010, Tennessee's Hispanic population grew by 134.2%, the third-highest rate of any state. [86][87], As settlers pushed west of the Cumberland Plateau, a slavery-based agrarian economy took hold in these regions. [26], Spanish conquistadors who explored the region in the 16th century encountered some of the Mississippian peoples, including the Muscogee Creek, Yuchi, and Shawnee. [400] It has a chief justice and four associate justices. Lee's 2nd term inauguration scheduled for Jan. 21. State park rangers are responsible for all activities and law enforcement inside the Tennessee State Parks system. [256] In recent years, Tennessee has been a top source of domestic migration, receiving an influx of people relocating from places such as California, the Northeast, and the Midwest due to the low cost of living and booming employment opportunities. [201] The plateau's eastern edge is relatively distinct, but the western escarpment is irregular, containing several long, crooked stream valleys separated by rocky cliffs with numerous waterfalls. [64] Efforts to obtain admission to the Union failed, and the counties, now numbering eight, rejoined North Carolina by 1788. [432] The Republican Southern strategy did not have as much of an effect in Tennessee as in most Southern states, but the elections of Winfield Dunn as governor and Bill Brock to the U.S. Senate in 1970 further helped make the GOP competitive among Whites in statewide elections. [375] The Grand Ole Opry, based in Nashville, is the longest-running radio show in the country, having broadcast continuously since 1925. Democratic strength is largely concentrated in Nashville, Memphis, and parts of Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Clarksville. [200] This landform is part of the larger Appalachian Plateau and consists mostly of flat-topped tablelands. [382][200] I-40's branch interstates include I-240 in Memphis; I-440 in Nashville; I-840 around Nashville; I-140 from Knoxville to Maryville; and I-640 in Knoxville. [424] Not until after passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 were African Americans able to regain their full voting rights. [402] Under the Tennessee Plan, the governor appoints justices on all three courts to eight-year terms; they must be retained by the voters during the first general election after appointment and at the end of their term. [290] Cash receipts for crops and livestock have an estimated annual value of $3.5 billion, and the agriculture sector has an estimated annual impact of $81 billion on the state's economy. [232] Middle Tennessee is home to many unusual and rare ecosystems known as cedar glades, which occur in areas with shallow limestone bedrock that is largely barren of overlying soil and contain many endemic plant species. [140] On August 18, 1920, Tennessee became the 36th and final state necessary to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which gave women the right to vote. WebTennessee State Government - TN.gov The Tennessee Conservationist Holiday Offer Request Your Free 2022 TN Vacation Guide Find a COVID-19 Vaccine Appointment Hub for Learning and Teaching Fiscal Year 2022-23 Budget The Tennessee Conservationist Holiday Offer Save on Conservationist Magazine Subscriptions! A small plane crashed Tuesday while approaching a Texas airport, killing four members of a Tennessee church and leaving the lead pastor injured, authorities and the church said. [10], Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association, a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachian Mountains. [56][57] The warnings of Dragging Canoe's cousin Nancy Ward spared many settlers' lives from the initial attacks. [b] Recent research suggests that the Cherokees adapted the name from the Yuchi word Tana-tsee-dgee, meaning "brother-waters-place" or "where-the-waters-meet". [405][406] Lethal injection is the primary means of execution, but electrocution is also allowed. The Chattanooga Mocs and Johnson City's East Tennessee State Buccaneers are full members, including football, of the Southern Conference. [365], In 2014, the Tennessee General Assembly created the Tennessee Promise, which allows in-state high school graduates to enroll in two-year post-secondary education programs such as associate degrees and certificates at community colleges and trade schools in Tennessee tuition-free, funded by the state lottery, if they meet certain requirements. [295] Tennessee farmers are also known worldwide for their cultivation of tomatoes and horticultural plants. Get It Now Start Planning Tap Add to Trip on anything you like. [139] On July 9, 1918, Tennessee suffered the worst rail accident in U.S. history when two passenger trains collided head on in Nashville, killing 101 and injuring 171. [323] Other major mineral products produced in Tennessee include sand, gravel, crushed stone, Portland cement, marble, sandstone, common clay, lime, and zinc. [195], The southwestern Blue Ridge Mountains lie within Tennessee's eastern edge, and are divided into several subranges, namely the Great Smoky Mountains, Bald Mountains, Unicoi Mountains, Unaka Mountains, and Iron Mountains. [108] The Confederates were driven from the city at the battles of Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge in November 1863. [441] Since 2016, Tennessee has been the most populous state to vote Republican by more than 60% in presidential elections,[442] and in 2020 voted Republican by the largest margin of any state in terms of number of votes. [310][311], Since the 1990s, the geographical area between Oak Ridge and Knoxville has been known as the Tennessee Technology Corridor, with more than 500 high-tech firms in the region. A small plane crashed Tuesday while approaching a Texas airport, killing four members of a Tennessee church and leaving the lead pastor injured, authorities and the church said. [400] The Supreme Court of Tennessee appoints the state's Attorney General, a practice only found in Tennessee. Covering an area of 109,247 sq. [240] The state annually averages about 50 days of thunderstorms, which can be severe with large hail and damaging winds. [288] Intangible property tax is assessed on the shares of stockholders of any loan, investment, insurance, or for-profit cemetery companies. [148][149] The agency quickly grew into the country's largest electric utility and initiated a period of dramatic economic growth and transformation that brought many new industries and employment opportunities to the state. Alvin C. York of Fentress County became one of the most famous and honored American soldiers of World War I. WebMap of the United States with Tennessee highlighted Country United States Before statehood Southwest Territory Admitted to the Union June 1, 1796; 226 years ago (June 1, 1796)(16th) Capital (and largest city) Nashville[2] Largest metroand urbanareas Nashville Government Governor Bill Lee(R) Lieutenant Governor Randy McNally(R) Legislature Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry. Black bears are found in the Blue Ridge Mountains and on the Cumberland Plateau. [85] In 1838 and 1839, U.S. troops forcibly removed thousands of Cherokees and their black slaves from their homes in southeastern Tennessee and forced them to march to Indian Territory in modern-day Oklahoma. This event is known as the Trail of Tears, and an estimated 4,000 died along the way. [25] Later generations of Woodland peoples constructed the first mounds. [411], The Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians is Tennessee's only federally recognized Native American tribe. [358] Public primary and secondary education systems are operated by county, city, or special school districts to provide education at the local level, and operate under the direction of the Tennessee Department of Education. [371], Tennessee is home to more than 120 newspapers. The first of the bombs was detonated in Los Alamos, New Mexico, in a test code-named Trinity, and the second, nicknamed "Little Boy", was dropped on Imperial Japan at the end of World War II. [379] These include the Mississippi, Tennessee, and Cumberland rivers. It is bordered by eight states, with Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, Arkansas to the west, and Missouri to Along with projectile points common for this period, archaeologists in Williamson County have uncovered a 12,000-year-old mastodon skeleton with cut marks typical of prehistoric hunters.. 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